Heterogeneous impacts of GlobalGAP adoption on net income in small‐scale pineapple farming in Ghana: Does farm size matter?

Adoption of Global Good Agricultural Practices (GlobalGAP) improves food quality and safety along fresh produce value chains. However, adoption rates have been low among small-scale pineapple farmers in Ghana, but with possible heterogeneous responses due to farm size economies. This study estimates the impact GlobalGAP on net incomes earned by Ghana's main producing region, examines size-induced effects income. Household farm-level data gathered from 546 were analyzed using a two-stage regression model estimate per hectare Robustness results was checked re-estimating maximum likelihood extended model. reduced income small farms growing less than 1 ha pineapples, increased more pineapples. We conclude that are not independent determinants profitability, recommend extension other interventions intended promote Ghana should be targeted at those who willing able grow pineapples [EconLit Citations: Q16, Q13].